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Cash interest explained

You will receive interest on balances in your platform cash account at the prevailing rate.

Embark Investment Services Limited acts as the custodian for investments on the Willis Owen platform and is one of our strategic partners that provides our Willis Owen ISA, GIA, Junior ISA and SIPP.

Embark places cash with a number of banking partners for safekeeping and to provide the potential for you to earn interest on money in your platform cash account. By managing cash in this way, it aims to provide better protection and a higher overall level of interest than if all funds were placed with a single bank.

The rates of interest paid by banks will vary. Embark retains a portion of the interest earned to cover its costs in managing platform cash.

Current Interest Rate

The table below shows the current customer interest rate payable on cash balances along with the amount of interest retained by Embark. The customer interest rate shown is that after accounting for interest retained by Embark:

Date From Customer Interest Rate Interest retained by Embark
25th November 2024 2.3% 1.75% - 2.00%

Embark can change the rate of interest at any time and it reviews the position at least quarterly. Interest is calculated and accrued daily and is credited to your account on the first of each month. If you transfer out, accrued interest is applied at the point of transfer. We will inform you if and when the interest rate changes as soon as is practicable.

Interest retained

The table below shows the yearly equivalent rates of interest Embark expects to pay based on a range of possible yearly interest rates it may earn.

Interest Embark expects to earn Customer Interest Rate Interest retained by Embark
0-1% 0 – 0.46% 0 – 0.54%
1-2% 0.46% – 0.94% 0.54% – 1.06%
2-3% 0.94% – 1.46% 1.06% – 1.54%
3-4% 1.46% – 2.02% 1.54% – 1.98%
4-5% 2.02% – 2.61% 1.98% – 2.39%
5%+ 2.61%+ 2.39%+

Historic Interest Rates

To see details of historic customer interest rates, along with the amount of interest retained by Embark, click here.

Equity Styles Explained

Market capitalisation is an indication of the size of the companies being invested in. It is calculated by multiplying the number of shares issued by the company by the current share price. Market capitalisation is divided into ‘large’, ‘medium’ or ‘small’ according to the below:

Large – Companies that have a market capitalisation greater than $10 billion.

Medium – Companies that have a market capitalisation between $2 billion and $10 billion.

Small – Companies that have a market capitalisation below $2 billion.

Companies can be categorised as ‘value’, ‘blend’ or ‘growth’ as defined below:

Value – Companies that are considered to be trading at a share price below what their fundamentals would suggest.

Blend – Companies that do not exhibit solely value or growth characteristics.

Growth – Typically well-established companies which are considered to have above average prospects for long-term growth.

Equity Regions Explained

Equity region indicates in which countries the underlying shares within your portfolio are listed.

USA – Companies listed on a stock market in the USA.

Canada – Companies listed on a stock market in Canada.

Latin America – Companies listed on stock markets in the Caribbean, Central America and South America, such as Mexico, Brazil and Argentina.

United Kingdom – Companies listed on a stock market in the United Kingdom, Guernsey, Isle of Man and Jersey.

Eurozone – Companies listed on stock markets in countries which have the Euro as their official currency, such as France, Germany and Spain.

Europe ex Eurozone – Companies listed on stock markets in western European countries which do not have the Euro as their official currency, such as Denmark, Sweden and Switzerland.

Europe Emerging – Companies listed on stock markets in European emerging markets, such as Poland, Russia and Turkey.

Africa – Companies listed on stock markets in African countries, such as Egypt, Nigeria and South Africa.

Middle East – Companies listed on stock markets in Middle Eastern countries, such as Israel, Qatar and Saudi Arabia.

Japan – Companies listed on a stock market in Japan.

Australasia – Companies listed on stock markets in Australia and New Zealand.

Asia Developed – Companies listed on stock markets in developed Asian countries, such as Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan.

Asia Emerging – Companies listed on stock markets in emerging Asian countries, such as China, India and Thailand.

Equity Sectors Explained

Cyclical – Companies which operate in industries that are considered to be significantly affected by economic shifts. When the economy is prosperous, these industries tend to expand and when the economy is in a downturn they tend to shrink.

Basic Materials - Companies that manufacture chemicals, building materials and paper products. This sector also includes companies engaged in commodities exploration and processing.

Consumer Cyclical - This sector includes retail stores, auto and auto-parts manufacturers, restaurants, lodging facilities, specialty retail and travel companies.

Financial Services - Companies that provide financial services include banks, savings and loans, asset management companies, credit services, investment brokerage firms and insurance companies.

Real Estate - This sector includes companies that develop, acquire, manage and operate real estate properties.

Sensitive – Companies that operate in industries that ebb and flow with the overall economy, but not severely. Sensitive industries fall between defensive and cyclical, as they are not immune to a poor economy, but they also may not be as severely affected as cyclicals.

Communication Services - Companies that provide communication services using fixed-line networks or those that provide wireless access and services. Also includes companies that provide advertising & marketing services, entertainment content and services, as well as interactive media and content provider over internet or through software.

Energy - Companies that produce or refine oil and gas, oilfield-services and equipment companies and pipeline operators. This sector also includes companies that mine thermal coal and Uranium.

Industrials - Companies that manufacture machinery, hand-held tools and industrial products. This sector also includes aerospace and defence firms as well as companies engaged in transportation services.

Technology - Companies engaged in the design, development and support of computer operating systems and applications. This sector also includes companies that make computer equipment, data storage products, networking products, semiconductors and components.

Defensive – Companies which operate in industries that are relatively immune from economic shifts. These industries provide services that consumers require in both good and bad times.

Consumer Defensive – Companies that manufacture food, beverages, household and personal products, packaging, or tobacco. Also includes companies that provide services such as education and training services.

Healthcare – This sector includes biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, research services, home healthcare, hospitals, long-term-care facilities and medical equipment and supplies. Also includes pharmaceutical retailers and companies which provide health information services.

Utilities - Electric, gas and water utilities.

Product Involvement Explained

Product Involvement metrics measure the percentage of a portfolio's assets exposed to a range of business areas and activities. For example, if a fund's involvement in Animal Testing is 20%, that means 20% of the fund's assets are invested in companies involved in Animal Testing.

Exposure percentages are calculated by summing the weights of a portfolio’s holdings in the companies involved in each area. In most cases a company is considered ‘involved’ in a certain area if it's revenue from that area exceeds a certain minimum threshold. In other areas, for example animal testing, abortion, contraceptives and human embryonic stem cell research, there is no revenue threshold such that if the company has any involvement at all in these areas, it will be considered involved. If a company is considered involved in an area, the entire weight of that company in a portfolio is counted when determining the overall percentages shown.

ESG Pillars Explained

Morningstar's ESG Pillar Scores help investors understand how a fund is performing in three key areas: Environmental (E), Social (S), and Governance (G). These scores break down the overall sustainability risk of a portfolio into these specific categories.

Each score reflects how much environmental, social, and governance factors contribute to the overall risk of companies in the fund. The scores are averaged based on the size of each company in the portfolio. Lower scores mean lower risk.

To receive these scores, at least 67% of the fund’s assets must be rated for their ESG risk. This provides investors with a clearer view of a fund’s exposure to sustainability risks in different areas.

Asset Allocation Explained

Equity – Often referred to as shares. Shares are units of ownership in a company which entitle the holder to certain rights for example to exercise voting rights or to participate in the company’s profits.

Fixed Income – Often referred to as fixed interest or bonds. When you invest in bonds, you are typically lending money to a company or a government in return for a defined series of interest payments and the promise that a defined value (called the ‘face’ or ‘par’ value) will be returned at a certain point in time

Property – Investments in property include residential, offices, warehouses and shopping centres.

Cash – Money held in cash or cash-like instruments, often to ensure there are sufficient liquid assets within a portfolio.

Other – Contains other investments such as commodities, preferred stock and derivatives.

Introduction to Self-Invested Personal Pensions (SIPPs)

What is a SIPP?

A SIPP, or Self Invested Personal Pension, is a tax-efficient pension scheme designed to help you grow your retirement pot, with the aim of providing you with an income in retirement. You can choose from a wide range of funds, investment trusts, shares and exchanged traded funds (ETFs).

One of its main features is that you can get tax relief on your contributions. How much you get will depend on the level of your income. SIPP providers reclaim basic rate tax relief (currently 20%) on your contributions and automatically add this to your SIPP. If you pay tax at higher than the UK basic rate, you can claim additional tax relief from HM Revenue & Customs, reducing your tax bill for the year.

How much can I contribute?

There are limits to the amount that you can pay into pensions each year, while still benefiting from tax breaks. If you exceed these, you’ll usually have to pay tax charges. For most people, the annual allowance is currently £60,000 per year, but for a small group, the annual allowance can be reduced (see Tapered or Money Purchase annual allowance below). In some cases you can carry forward unused allowances from previous years.

Is there a limit on my overall pension savings?

As well as limits on how much you can pay in with the benefit of tax relief, there are limits on the amount of tax-free cash you can take from pensions as well as on the level of lump sum benefits which can be paid when a pension scheme member dies.

Although normally you can take up to 25% of your pension pot as tax-free cash once you reach age 55 (57 from 2028), there is an overall limit to the amount of tax-free cash you can receive which, for most people is £268,275. This limit is called the ‘Lump Sum Allowance’ and it replaced previous ‘Lifetime Allowance’ rules which existed prior to 6th April 2024. If you’ve previously taken benefits from a pension prior to this date, you will already have used up a deemed amount of your Lump Sum Allowance. If you’ve taken less tax-free cash than the deemed amount, you may be able to apply for a transitional tax-free amount certificate which reflects the amount you’ve actually taken.

In addition to the limit on how much tax-free cash you can take, there’s also a limit on the amount of aggregate tax-free lump sums which can be paid out from pensions to beneficiaries on your death. The standard allowance is £1,073,100 but the available allowance is reduced by certain lump sums (including tax-free cash lump sums) which you might have taken during your life as well an amount reflecting the value of any pensions that were already in payment prior to 6 April 2006.

Taking pension benefits

Benefits can currently be drawn from a SIPP from the age of 55 although this is expected to rise to 57 in 2028. There are a number of options for drawing your pension benefits. You can, for example:

  • Take a pension commencement lump sum and /or a regular pension income even if you are still working. Subject to the overall limit explained above, you can draw up to 25% of the value of your pension tax-free and then a regular income from the remainder which is subject to tax at your marginal rate
  • Take your income via drawdown (where you draw directly from the investments within your SIPP, which remains invested and which is known as a flexi access drawdown)
  • Use all or part of your pension fund to buy an income for life (an ‘annuity’)
  • Take your whole pension pot as cash in one go with up to 25% tax-free (subject to the overall limit on tax-free cash) and the rest taxed as income
  • Take lump sums, as and when required, with up to 25% of each withdrawal tax-free (subject to the overall limit on tax-free cash) and the rest taxed as income
  • Take a combination of the options.

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